Bage, Lt.
Edward Frederick Robert - Astronomer, Assistant
Magnetician & Recorder of Tides Bickerton, Francis
Howard F.R.G.S. - In charge of air-tractor sledge Close, J.H. F.R.G.S. - Assistant Collector Correll, Percy Edward - Mechanic and Assistant Physicist Hannam, Walter H. - Wireless Operator and Mechanic Hodgeman, Alfred
James - Cartographer and Sketch Artist Hunter, John
George - Biologist Hurley, Frank (James
Francis) - Official Photographer Jeffryes, S. N. - Wireless Operator Laseron, Charles Francis - Taxidermist & Biological Collector Madigan, Cecil
Thomas - Meteorologist Mawson, Dr. Douglas - Expedition leader McLean, Archibald Lang - Chief Medical Officer, Bacteriologist Mertz, Dr. Xavier - In charge of Greenland dogs Murphy, Herbert Dyce - In charge of Expedition stores Ninnis, Lt. Bellgrave E.S. - In charge of Greenland dogs Stillwell, Frank Leslie - Geologist Webb, Eric Norman - Chief Magnetician Whetter, Leslie H. - Surgeon
Ainsworth, George F. - Leader:
Meteorologist Blake, Leslie Russell - Cartographer and Geologist Hamilton, Harold - Biologist Sandell, Charles A. - Wireless Operator & Mechanic Sawyer, A.J. - Wireless Operator
The Ship's Party
Blair, J.H. - First Officer
during the final Antarctic Cruise
Davis, Captain John King - Master of the S.Y. Aurora & Second in
Command of the Expedition Gray, P. - Second Officer
de la Motte, C.P. - Third Officer Gillies, F.J. - Chief Engineer
Group on S.Y.
Aurora after leaving the western base, 1913
After being part of Shackleton's
1907-09 Nimrod expedition, Douglas Mawson, an Australian Geologist
came up with a plan to launch a purely Australian Expedition to
explore that part of Antarctica directly below Australia. Despite
being offered a prestigious position on Robert Scott's expedition
that left for Antarctica in 1910, Mawson stuck to his plan and
successfully raised funding for an ambitious scientific programme
staffed almost entirely by men from Australian and New Zealand
Universities. There was no plan to reach the South Pole or any other
such exploratory goal.
Three Antarctic bases were originally
planned, though only two were successfully established, one
Adélie Land, the Main Base and another on
Queen Mary Land the Western Base, in addition a small party of five
staffed a station on the sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island. Landing on
Antarctica was at Commonwealth Bay in a very rare calm spell, it was
to eventually become known as the windiest place in the world.
The expedition is best known for one
of the most harrowing survival stories of all time when three men,
Mawson, Mertz and Ninnis set off on a sledging trip that only Mawson
was to return from though too late to catch the Aurora leaving for
Australia for the winter. In all the men of the expedition spent two
years in Antarctica before returning home. On his return to
Australia, Mawson was knighted.
bullet
denotes other Arctic or Antarctic expeditionary
experience, prior to, or following this expedition number in brackets is age at
the start of this expedition - not always completely accurate.
Dr.
Douglas Mawson (30) - Expedition leader physicist, acting subsequently as master
Nimrod 1907-09
Organiser and Leader
of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition previously a member of
Sir Ernest Shackleton's Antarctic Expedition of 1907-1909, being
one of the party under Professor David which reached the South Magnetic
Pole. A graduate in Science and Engineering of Sydney and Adelaide
Universities, he had filled for some time the post of Lecturer in
Mineralogy and Petrology at the Adelaide University. The only survivor
of a party sledging to the east from the Main Base in the summer
of 1912-1913.
Single, a graduate
in Engineering of Melbourne University and a lieutenant in the Royal
Australian Engineers. A member of the Main Base Party (Adélie Land)
and leader of the Southern Sledging Party, he remained in the Antarctic
for two years. During the first year he was in charge of chronometers,
astronomical observations and tidal records, and throughout the
second year continued the magnetic work and looked after stores.
Single, a graduate
in Science (Mining Engineering) of Adelaide University, South Australia.
Through the courtesy of the Trustees of the Rhodes Scholarship,
the necessary leave to accompany the Expedition was granted just
as he was on the eve of continuing his studies at Oxford University.
A member of the Main Base Party (Adélie Land) he acted as Meteorologist
for two years, and during the second year (1913) was also in charge
of the Greenland dogs. An important journey in the spring and one
to the east in the summer were made under his leadership, and the
Party, left in Adélie Land in 1913, was to have been under his charge,
but for Mawson's return.
Single, was educated
at Dulwich, England (as was Shackleton) and entered His Majesty's
Army, having a commission as Lieutenant in the Royal Fusiliers prior
to joining the Expedition in London. At the Main Base (Adélie Land)
he was assisted by X. Mertz in the care of the Greenland dogs. On
December 14, 1912, while on a sledging journey, he lost his life
by falling into a crevasse three hundred miles east of Winter Quarters.
Single, of Basle, Switzerland,
a graduate in Law of the Universities of Leipzig and Berne. Prior
to joining the Expedition he had gained the Ski-running Championship
of Switzerland and was an experienced mountaineer. At the Main Base
(Adelie Land) he was assisted by B. E. S. Ninnis in the care of
the Greenland dogs. On January 7, 1913, during a sledging journey,
he lost his life, one hundred miles south-east of Winter Quarters.
Single, a graduate in
Arts and Medicine of Sydney University; New South Wales. He acted
as Chief Medical Officer at the Main Base (Adélie Land) and carried
out observations in Bacteriology and Physiology during the first
year. In 1913 (the second year) he was Biologist, Ice-Carrier and
Editor of the `Adelie Blizzard'. He took part in a sledging journey
along the eastern coast in the summer of 1912-1913.
Single, born in Oxford,
England. Had studied engineering: joined the Expedition as Electrical
Engineer and Motor Expert. A member of the Main Base Party and leader
of the Western Sledging Party, he remained in the Antarctic for
two years, during which time he was in charge of the air-tractor
sledge, and was engineer to the wireless station. For a time, during
the second year, he was in complete charge of the wireless plant.
Single, was born at Adelaide,
South Australia. For four years he was an articled
architect, and for five years a draughtsman in the Works and Buildings
Department, Adelaide. A member of the Main Base Party (Adélie Land),
he took part in several sledging journeys, and throughout two years
in the Antarctic acted in the capacity of Cartographer and Sketch
Artist, as well as that of Assistant Meteorologist.
Born on 8 August 1985 - died in England in
January 1964.
Single, was of Sydney,
New South Wales. He had been the recipient of many amateur and professional
awards for photographic work before joining the Expedition. At the
Main Base he obtained excellent photographic and cinematographic
records and was one of the three members of the Southern Sledging
Party. He was also present on the final cruise of the `Aurora'.
Single, was an Associate
of Civil Engineering of Canterbury University College, and, for
the five months previous to joining the Expedition, carried out
magnetic observations under the Carnegie Institute of Washington,
U.S.A. At the Main Base (Adélie Land) E. N. Webb was Chief Magnetician,
accompanying the Southern Sledging Party.
Single, a student in Science
of the Adelaide University. He joined the Expedition
as Mechanician and Assistant Physicist. He was a member of the Main
Base Party accompanying the Eastern Coastal Party during their sledging
journey. He spent three summers and one winter in the Antarctic,
acting as colour photographer during the final cruise of the `Aurora'.
Single, a graduate
in Science of Sydney University, New South Wales. A member of the
Main Base Party (Adélie Land) he carried on the work of Biologist
during two summers and one winter; and in the same capacity accompanied
the `Aurora' in her final summer cruise l911-1914.
Single, had gained a
Diploma in Geology at the Technical College, Sydney, New South Wales,
and for some years was Collector to the Technological Museum. At
the Main Base (Adélie Land), during 1912, he acted as Taxidermist
and general Collector, taking part, as well, in sledging journeys
to the south and east of Winter Quarters.
Single, a graduate
in Science of Melbourne University, Victoria. A member of the Main
Base Party (Adélie Land) he acted as Geologist. F. L. Stillwell
was leader of two sledging parties who did detail work for about
sixty miles along the coast eastward of Winter Quarters.
Single, of Melbourne,
one-time Scholar in History of Oxford University. At the outset
he was to have been leader of a third Antarctic Base which was eventually
amalgamated with the Main Base (Adélie Land). Here he had charge
of the stores and during the early summer of 1912 was leader of
the Southern Supporting Party.
Single, of Sydney, New
South Wales, and joined the Expedition in charge of the arrangements
for a wireless telegraphic system. He was in the Antarctic at the
Main Base (Adélie Land) for two summers and a winter, and was successful
in transmitting wireless messages for a short time during 1912 through
Macquarie Island to Australia, assistant magnetician for a time.
Married, born in Sydney, New
South Wales. During the South African War he saw active service
in Rhodesia, and at the time of the Expedition's departure was a
teacher of physical culture at Sydney. A member of the Main Base
Party (Adélie Land) and of several sledging parties, he spent two
summers and one winter in the Antarctic.
Single. He graduated
at Otago University, New Zealand, and joined the Expedition as Surgeon,
acting in that capacity at the Main Base (Adélie Land) during 1912.
He accompanied a sledging party which explored to the westward of
Winter Quarters.
S. N. Jeffryes
(27)
- Wireless Operator
Single, of Towoomba,
Queensland, a qualified operator of the Australasian Wireless Company.
During the second year (1913) he took W. H. Hannam's place in charge
of the wireless plant, wintering at the Main Base (Adélie Land).
Frank
Wild Leader (38) - Sledge-master seaman
Discovery 1901-04 in charge of provisions
Nimrod 1907-09 second in command
Endurance
1914-17 second in command
Quest- Ernest Shackleton 1921 - 1922
Single, Leader of the
Western Base Party (Queen Mary Land). He joined the Merchant Service
in 1889 and the Navy in 1900, served on an extended sledge journey
during the National Antarctic Expedition (Capt. R. F. Scott) of
1901-1904, and was one of the Southern Party of Sir Ernest Shackleton's
Expedition from 1907-1909. During the Australasian Expedition he
opened up a new tract of country - Queen Mary Land.
Single, a graduate in
Science of Sydney University, New South Wales. A member of the Western
Base Party (Queen Mary Land) he acted as Geologist. A. D. Watson
took part in several sledging journeys, accompanying F. Wild in
his main eastern trip during the summer of 1912-1913.
Single, a graduate in
Medicine of Sydney University, New South Wales. A member and Medical
Officer of F. Wild's Western Base (Queen Mary Land), he took part
in several sledging journeys during 1912 and was leader of the party
who explored westward to Gaussberg.
Married, was born in
Hobart, Tasmania. For many years previous to joining the Expedition
he had done illustrative and artistic work and had been engaged
on a survey and in botanical and other scientific observations on
the west coast of Tasmania. Stationed with the Western Base (Queen
Mary Land) he acted as Biologist and Artist, accompanying F. Wild
on his main eastern journey and several other sledging parties.
Single, of Koolunga,
South Australia, a graduate in Science of Adelaide University. With
the Western Base Party (Queen Mary Land) he acted as Meteorologist
and took part in several sledging journeys in the autumn and spring
of 1912. During the summer of 1912-1913, through an unavoidable
accident, he was left to carry on work alone at Winter Quarters
for a period of nine weeks.
Single, was a student
in Science of Adelaide University, South Australia. Receiving special
tuition, he acted as Magnetician at the Western Base (Queen Mary
Land) during the year 1912. He was a member of several sledging
parties and accompanied Wild on his main eastern journey as Cartographer.
Single, a graduate in
Mining Engineering of Melbourne University. A member of F. Wild's
Western Party (Queen Mary Land), he took part in several sledging
journeys and was Geologist of the party who explored westwards to Gaussberg.
Single, of Sydney, New
South Wales, was completing his term for Licensed Surveyor in the
service of the Commonwealth Government when he joined the Expedition.
He was in the Antarctic for two summers and one winter, being stationed
with the Western Party (Queen Mary Land). A member of several sledging
parties, he acted as Cartographer to the party which reached Gaussberg.
Single, was born in Hawthorn Victoria
Australia on 28th October 1890,
had lived for many years in Queensland previous to joining the
Expedition. Before accompanying the Macquarie Island Party as Geologist
and Cartographer, he obtained leave from the Geological Survey Department,
Brisbane. He visited the Antarctic during the final cruise of the
`Aurora' in the summer of 1913-1914.
Thanks to Beryl Hazlett for
correcting the initial information. "I have just come across your
web page on the crew and personnel list of the Aurora on the Mawson
expedition to Antarctica 1911/13. Leslie Blake was the youngest
brother of my grandmother".
Single, born in Napier,
New Zealand. Graduate of the Otago University. Besides being employed
on the New Zealand Geological Survey, he acted as Entomological
Collector to the Dominion Museum at Wellington. A member of the
Macquarie Island Party, of which he was the Biologist for two years,
H. Hamilton visited the Antarctic during the final cruise of the
`Aurora' in the summer of 1913-1914.
Single, of Surrey, England,
studied electrical engineering for some years and then came to Australia
in 1909 and entered the Commonwealth Branch of Telephony. Having
a practical knowledge of wireless telegraphy he joined the Expedition
as a Wireless Operator and Mechanic and was stationed with the Macquarie
Island Party for two years. After the departure of A. J. Sawyer
in August 1913, he was in complete charge of the wireless station.
C. A. Sandell visited the Antarctic during the final cruise of the
`Aurora' in the summer of 1913-1914.
Single, was born in New
Zealand. Having had considerable experience in wireless telegraphy,
he joined the Expedition as an operator from the Australasian Wireless
Company. At the Macquarie Island Station he was chief wireless until
August 1913, when on account of illness he returned to New Zealand.
The Ship's Party
Captain
John King Davis (28) - Master of the S.Y. Aurora
& Second in Command of the Expedition chief officer , acting subsequently as master
Nimrod 1907-09
Single, was master
of the `Aurora' and Second-in-Command of the Expedition. Born in
Ireland and educated in England, he served his apprenticeship on
the Liverpool-owned sailing-ship, `Celtic Chief', obtaining his
certificate as second mate before joining the barque `Westland'
trading between England and New Zealand. His next post was that
of second officer on the training ship `Port Jackson', following
which he joined Sir Ernest Shackleton's Expedition (1907-1909) as
. Throughout the whole period of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition
(1911-1914) Captain J. K. Davis commanded the `Aurora' during five
cruises.
J.H. Blair
(24) -
First Officer during the final Antarctic Cruise
Single, was in Scotland.
For five years he served with the Loch Line of Glasgow as apprentice
and third mate. As second mate he joined A. Currie and Company,
of Melbourne, in the Australian-Indian trade, reaching the rank
of first mate, in which capacity he acted during the final Antarctic
cruise of the `Aurora' in the summer of 1913-14.
P. Gray (22) - Second
Officer
Single, was born and
educated in England. He served on the `Worcester' as cadet captain
for eighteen months and as apprentice on the `Archibald Russell',
of Glasgow, and in the New Zealand Shipping Company. In 1909 he
entered the Peninsula and Oriental Company and reached the rank
of third officer, joining the Australasian Antarctic Expedition
as second officer of the `Aurora'. Throughout five cruises, from
1911 to 1914, he served in this capacity.
C.P. de la Motte
(19)
- Third Officer
Single, of Bulli, New South
Wales, had early training at sea on the barque `Northern Chief'
of New Zealand, obtaining his certificate as second mate in March
1911. During the eight months prior to joining the Expedition he
served as fourth officer on the S.S. `Warrimoo' of the Union Steamship
Company of New Zealand. Throughout the five cruises of the `Aurora'
between 1911 and 1914, C. P. de la Motte was third officer with
the Ship's party.
F.J. Gillies
(35)
- Chief Engineer
Single, was born at
Cardiff, Wales. He served his apprenticeship as an engineer on the
steamers of John Shearman and Company and P. Baker and Company of
Cardiff. For six years previous to joining the Expedition he was
in the Indian trade. Throughout the five cruises of the `Aurora'
between 1911 and 1914.
A group of the returning members of the land
parties
Biographical information
- This is a particularly difficult area to research and I am
concentrating on the Antarctic (and Arctic) experiences of the men
involved. Any further information or
pictures
visitors may have is gratefully received. Likewise links to other websites, details of family trees
or any other form of information of the people mentioned here and
involved in early Antarctic exploration, or of any corrections to the
details published. Please email
- Paul, webmaster.